17.116.170 - Property on which parking and loading must be provided.

A.

Parking Spaces and Loading. Off-street parking spaces and loading berths required by the zoning regulations shall be located as set forth below for the specified activities except as otherwise provided in Section 17.116.290B. When a maximum distance from the lot containing the activity served to another lot is prescribed, it shall be measured along a permanently accessible pedestrian route between a lot line of the former lot and the nearest boundary of the offsite parking or loading area.

B.

Maneuvering Aisles and Driveways. Required maneuvering aisles and driveways shall be located as specified in subsection A of this section for required spaces or berths serving the same activity, except as follows:

1.

A required driveway may, subject to the provisions of Section 17.116.180, straddle the lot line of abutting lots in separate ownership if it leads to parking spaces or loading berths on both lots.

2.

A required maneuvering aisle or portion thereof may, subject to the provisions of Section 17.116.180, straddle the lot line of abutting lots in separate ownership if there are on both sides of such aisle, or portion thereof, parking spaces or loading berths which are directly opposite each other.

C.

Upon the granting of a conditional use permit pursuant to the conditional use permit procedure, and subject to the provisions of Section 17.102.090 and Section 17.116.180, any required driveway or maneuvering aisle may be located entirely on another lot or lots in separate ownership.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. No. 12971, § 2(Exh. A), 9-22-2009; Ord. No. 12955, § 2(Exh. A), 7-21-2009; Ord. 12899 § 4, Exh. A (part), 2008; Ord. 12406 § 4 (part), 2002; Ord. 12376 § 3 (part), 2001; Ord. 11892 § 16, 1996; prior planning code § 7535)

17.116.180 - Conditions for off-street parking or loading.

Whenever, pursuant to Section 17.116.170, any required off-street parking or loading facilities are located on a lot other than the lot containing the activity served, the owner or owners of both lots shall prepare and execute to the satisfaction of the City Attorney, and file with the Alameda County Recorder, an agreement guaranteeing that such facilities will be maintained and reserved for the activity served, for the duration of said activity.

(Prior planning code § 7536)

17.116.190 - Utilization of off-street parking and loading facilities.

Facilities which are intended to meet the off-street parking and loading requirements of the zoning regulations shall be made permanently available to, and maintained so as to permit utilization by, the residents, shoppers, employees, or other participants in, or the loading operations of, the activity or activities served, except as otherwise provided in Section 17.116.290B. No area may be utilized and counted both as a required parking space and a required loading berth. However, maneuvering aisles and driveways may serve both required parking spaces and loading berths if they meet the requirements specified hereafter for both parking and loading facilities.

(Ord. 11892 § 17, 1996: prior planning code § 7538)

17.116.200 - Parking space dimensions.

(See illustration I-21.) The provisions of this section shall apply to all activities in all zones except Residential Activities occupying One-Family, Two-Family, or Multifamily Residential Facilities located within the S-12 residential parking combining zone, where the provisions of Section 17.94.060 shall apply. All required parking spaces shall have the minimum dimensions set forth below and shall be provided, where necessary, with driveways and maneuvering aisles as set forth in Section 17.116.210. Compact and intermediate parking spaces shall count toward the off-street parking requirements only if located on a lot containing a total of three or more required spaces. On such a lot, up to fifty percent (50%) of the required parking spaces may be compact spaces, provided that at least fifty percent (50%) of the required spaces are regular and/or handicapped spaces. Alternatively, when five or more parking spaces are required, up to seventy-five percent (75%) of the required spaces may be intermediate spaces, provided that if any required spaces are compact spaces, an equal or greater number of the required spaces shall be regular and/or handicapped spaces.

A.

Regular Parking Spaces. A regular parking space shall be not less than eighteen (18) feet long and eight and one-half feet (8½) wide for all parking patterns except parallel parking. However, where one or both of the long sides of a regular parking space which is at an angle of ninety (90) degrees or less, but more than sixty (60) degrees, to a maneuvering aisle abuts a wall or other, similar obstruction, the width specified above shall be increased by two (2) feet. (See subsection D for exceptions to this two (2) foot requirement). For parallel parking, a regular parking space shall be not less than twenty-two (22) feet long and eight (8) feet wide.

B.

Intermediate Parking Spaces. An intermediate parking space shall be not less than sixteen and one-half (16½) feet long and eight (8) feet wide for all parking patterns except parallel parking. However, where one or both of the long sides of a regular parking space which is at an angle of ninety (90) degrees or less, but more than sixty (60) degrees, to a maneuvering aisle abuts a wall or other, similar obstruction, the width specified above shall be increased by two (2) feet. See subsection D for exceptions to this two (2) foot requirement. For parallel parking, an intermediate parking space shall be not less than twenty and one-half (20½) feet long and seven and one-half (7½) feet wide.

C.

Compact Parking Spaces. A compact parking space shall be not less than fifteen (15) feet long and seven and one-half (7½) feet wide for all parking patterns except parallel parking. However, where one or both of the long sides of a compact parking space which is at an angle of ninety (90) degrees or less, but more than sixty (60) degrees, to a maneuvering aisle abuts a wall or other, similar obstruction, the width specified above shall be increased by two (2) feet. (See subsection D for exceptions to this two (2) foot requirement). For parallel parking, a compact parking space shall be not less than nineteen (19) feet long and seven (7) feet wide.

D.

Posts and Other Obstructions. Posts and other similar structural members may be located immediately adjacent to a required parking space, provided that:

1.

Such required parking space is a regular space or, if the City Traffic Engineer determines that sufficient maneuvering area is present, an intermediate or compact space; and

2.

Such post or other similar structural member is located at least three (3) feet but not more than five (5) feet from the maneuvering aisle or located not more than four (4) feet from the end of the parking space opposite the maneuvering aisle; and

3.

Such post or other similar structural member does not impede pedestrian access to vehicle parking in the space; and

4.

Such posts and other similar structural members shall be located on one side only of a required parking space.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 12376 § 3 (part), 2001: prior planning code § 7539)

17.116.210 - Driveways and maneuvering aisles for parking.

Where necessary, maneuvering aisles and driveways shall be provided of such design and arrangement as to provide adequate ingress to and egress from all required parking spaces. (See also Sections 17.94.070, 17.94.080, 17.116.240, 17.116.250, and 17.116.260.) Except within the S-12 residential parking combining zone, where the provisions of Section 17.94.080 shall apply, and for shared access facilities, where the provisions of Section 17.102.090 shall apply, an onsite driveway serving any required off-street parking area shall have a minimum width of nine feet. Driveways serving Residential Facilities with one or two living units on one lot shall be not more than nineteen (19) feet in width with a curb cut no more than nineteen (19) feet in width, and shall be limited to one driveway and one driveway curb cut per lot frontage. Driveways serving one lot or serving any of several adjacent lots under the same ownership shall be separated edge-to-edge by at least twenty-five (25) feet; where curbs exist, the separation shall be by at least twenty-five (25) feet of full vertical curb. Driveways serving adjacent lots under different ownership shall be separated edge-to-edge by at least ten (10) feet; where curbs exist, the separation shall be by at least ten feet of full vertical curb.

A.

Maneuvering Aisle Width. Except for activities occupying One-Family, Two-Family, or Multifamily Residential Facilities located within the S-12 residential parking combining zone, where the provisions of Section 17.94.070 shall apply, maneuvering aisles necessary for access into and out of required parking spaces shall have the following minimum widths, whether serving regular, intermediate, or compact parking spaces:

1.

Where parking is parallel: eleven (11) feet;

2.

Where parking is at an angle of forty-five (45) degrees or less: twelve (12) feet;

3.

Where parking is at an angle of sixty (60) degrees or less but more than forty-five (45) degrees: fifteen (15) feet;

4.

Where parking is at an angle of seventy-five (75) degrees or less but more than sixty (60) degrees: eighteen (18) feet;

5.

Where parking is at an angle of ninety (90) degrees or less but more than seventy-five (75) degrees: twenty-one (21) feet.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 12776 § 3, Exh. A (part), 2006: Ord. 12376 § 3 (part), 2001: prior planning code § 7540)

17.116.220 - Loading berth dimensions.

All required loading berths shall have the minimum dimensions set forth below when serving the indicated activities; provided that where one or both of the long sides of a berth which is at an angle of ninety (90) degrees or less, but more than sixty (60) degrees, to a maneuvering aisle abuts a wall or other similar obstruction, each of the widths specified below shall be increased by three (3) feet. However, the minimum height or length of a required berth may in any case be reduced upon the granting of a conditional use permit pursuant to the conditional use permit procedure in Chapter 17.134 and upon determination that such smaller dimensions are ample for the size and type of trucks or goods which foreseeably will be involved in the loading operations of the activity served.

A.

For all Industrial Activities and for General Wholesale Sales, Building Material Sales, Automobile and Other Light Vehicle Sales and Rental, Automobile and Other Light Vehicle Gas Station and Servicing, forty-five (45) feet long, twelve (12) feet wide, and fourteen (14) feet high;

B.

For Undertaking Service Commercial Activities: twenty-five (25) feet long, ten (10) feet wide, and eight (8) feet high;

C.

For all other activities for which loading facilities are required: thirty-three (33) feet long, twelve (12) feet wide, and fourteen (14) feet high.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. No. 12999, § 4(Exh. A), 3-16-2010; Ord. No. 12939, § 4(Exh. A), 6-16-2009; Ord. 12899 § 4, Exh. A (part), 2008; prior planning code § 7541)

17.116.230 - Driveways and maneuvering aisles for loading.

Where necessary, maneuvering aisles and driveways shall be provided of such design and arrangement as to allow efficient utilization of all required loading berths by motor vehicles of the types typically employed by the activities served. (See also Sections 17.116.240, 17.116.250, and 17.116.260.)

(Prior planning code § 7542)

17.116.240 - Tandem spaces and berths.

(See illustration I-21.) A vehicle shall not have to cross another loading berth, or a parking space, in order to gain access to any required loading berth. On any lot containing three (3) or more required off-street parking spaces, or containing required spaces for two (2) or more residential living units, a vehicle shall not have to cross another parking space, or a loading berth, in order to gain access to a required parking space, except that:

A.

In the S-11 zone, with the provision of three or more required parking spaces for a given dwelling unit, at least fifty percent (50%) of the vehicles shall not have to cross another parking space in order to gain access to a required parking space.

B.

In the S-12 zone, tandem parking may be permitted for One-Family Dwelling, One-Family Dwelling with Secondary Unit, Two-Family Dwelling, and Multi-family Dwelling Residential Facilities under the provisions of Section 17.94.060

C.

In the RH, RD, RM-1, and RM-2 zones, except when combined with the S-11 or S-12 zones, tandem parking may be permitted for one of the required spaces on a lot containing a One-Family Dwelling with Secondary Unit Residential Facility if the floor area of the Secondary Unit does not exceed five hundred (500) square feet.

D.

In any zone, tandem parking may be permitted for nonresidential activities upon the granting of a conditional use permit pursuant to the conditional use permit procedure in Chapter 17.134 and upon determination that such proposal conforms to either or both of the following use permit criteria:

1.

That a full-time parking attendant supervises the parking arrangements at all times when the activities served are in active operation;

2.

That there are a total of ten (10) or fewer parking spaces on a lot, or within a separate parking area or areas on a lot, which spaces are provided solely for employees.

E.

Tandem parking spaces may be provided for Residential Care Residential Activities pursuant to the provisions of Section 17.116.060B.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 12776 § 3, Exh. A (part), 2006: Ord. 12501 § 79, 2003: Ord. 12199 § 8 (part), 2000; Ord. 12138 § 4 (part), 1999; prior planning code § 7543)

17.116.250 - Maximum backing distance.

All required off-street parking facilities which are located on any lot containing three or more required parking spaces or containing required spaces for two or more Residential living units, and all required off-street loading facilities on any lot, shall be so designed and located that a vehicle need not back up from any such required parking space or loading berth for a distance greater than one hundred (100) feet in order to reach a street. The one hundred (100) feet shall be measured from the back of the furthest required parking space to the back of the sidewalk or, if there is no sidewalk, to the edge of pavement or face of curb, whichever is applicable.

(Ord. 12376 § 3 (part), 2001: prior planning code § 7544)

17.116.260 - Surfacing and grade of parking and loading facilities.

A.

Slopes. The maximum slope of any required maneuvering aisle, parking space, or loading berth shall be ten percent (10%). The maximum slope of any required driveway shall be twenty-five percent (25%). For all driveways, extending from streets without curbs, gutters or sidewalks, the first five (5) feet of the driveway shall be level with the edge of the pavement. For driveways less than fifteen (15) feet in length, the maximum slope for other than the first five (5) feet shall be ten percent (10%). For driveways fifteen (15) feet of more in length but less than twenty-five (25) feet, the maximum slope for the first ten (10) feet of driveway beyond the level portion shall be ten percent (10%) and the maximum slope of the remainder shall be fifteen percent (15%). For driveways twenty-five (25) feet or more in length, the maximum slope for the first ten (10) feet of driveway beyond the level portion shall be ten percent (10%), the maximum slope for the final ten (10) feet shall be fifteen percent (15%), and the maximum slope for the portion between shall be twenty-five percent (25%). For downslope driveways leading to garages, the final two (2) feet shall be level or upslope not exceeding five percent (5%).

B.

Surfacing. All required parking and loading facilities shall have a durable, dustless, all-weather surface; shall have satisfactory disposal of surface waters by grading and drainage; and shall be permanently maintained in good condition. All driveways with a slope of twenty percent (20%) or more shall have a serrated concrete surface or other surface providing a similar level of traction.

C.

Design for Runoff. All required off-street parking facilities located on any lot containing three (3) or more required spaces, and all required off-street loading facilities on any lot, shall be so designed that surface water will not drain over any sidewalk.

D.

For all other activities for which loading facilities are required: thirty-three (33) feet long, twelve (12) feet wide, and fourteen (14) feet high.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 12406 § 4 (part), 2002; Ord. 12376 § 3 (part), 2001: prior planning code § 7546)

17.116.270 - Screening and setback of parking and loading areas.

A.

Residential or S-1, S-2, S-3 or OS Zone. In all residential zones and in the S-1, S-2, S-3 and OS zones, all open off-street parking areas on any lot containing three (3) or more spaces, and all open off-street loading areas on any lot, shall be screened from abutting lots, except where a maneuvering aisle is shared with the abutting lot in the manner described in Section 17.116.170(B)(2), by dense landscaping not less than five and one-half (5½) feet high and not less than three (3) feet wide or by a solid lumber or masonry fence or wall not less than five and one-half (5½) feet high, subject to the standards for required landscaping and screening in Chapter 17.124 and the exceptions stated in said chapter. All such areas shall be screened from all abutting streets, alleys, and paths, and private streets and other ways described in Section 17.106.020, by dense landscaping not less than three and one-half (3½) feet high and not less than three (3) feet wide or by a solid or grille, lumber or masonry fence or wall not less than three and one-half (3½) feet high, subject to the standards for required landscaping and screening and the exceptions stated therein. No unroofed parking space or loading berth on such lots shall be located within five (5) feet from any street line or alley, except as allowed by Section 17.116.170

B.

Commercial or Industrial Zone. (See illustration I-17). Off-street parking and loading facilities shall be screened, and restricted in their location on a lot, when and as prescribed in Sections 17.110.030 and 17.110.040 of the buffering regulations or in the applicable individual zone regulations or development control maps.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 12376 § 3 (part), 2001; Ord. 12078 § 5 (part), 1998; prior planning code § 7547)

17.116.280 - Control on artificial illumination of parking and loading facilities.

In all residential zones and in the S-1, S-2, S-3 and OS zones, artificial illumination of all off-street parking areas located on any lot containing three or more parking spaces and all off-street loading areas on any lot, and of driveways related thereto, shall be nonflashing and shall be directed away from all abutting lots and from any on-site residential living units so as to eliminate objectionable glare. In commercial and industrial zones, artificial illumination of off-street parking and loading facilities shall be controlled when and as specified in Section 17.110.030 of the buffering regulations.

(Ord. 12078 § 5 (part), 1998; prior planning code § 7548)

17.116.290 - Special requirements applying in some zones.

A.

Whenever required off-street parking or loading facilities are located where the applicable individual zone regulations or development control maps require a conditional use permit for parking or loading or prescribe other special controls thereon, such regulations shall be complied with in addition to the standards prescribed above for required parking and loading.

B.

In the S-15 zone:

1.

Location of Parking. All off-street parking may be provided anywhere on the lot, or on a separate lot which is not in common ownership with the subject lot, provided that a long-term lease agreement or comparable binding agreement is provided, pursuant to Section 17.116.180

2.

Parking Serving Nonresidential Uses. Off-street parking serving nonresidential uses may only be permitted upon the granting of a conditional use permit pursuant to the conditional use permit procedures in Chapter 17.134

3.

Ground Floor Parking and Loading. Off-street parking, loading, and driveway located within twenty (20) feet from all pedestrian walkways and plazas may only be permitted upon the granting of a conditional use permit pursuant to the conditional use permit procedures in Chapter 17.134 and Section 17.100.100.

4.

Provisions for Shared Parking. Off-street parking may be shared amongst daytime activities between the hours of business operation and between the hours of nighttime activities. The number of required parking spaces for daytime use may be transferable to required parking or nighttime use, provided that a long-term lease agreement or comparable binding agreement is provided, pursuant to Section 17.116.180

5.

Exceptions to Parking Requirement. The number of parking spaces provided may exceed the number required upon the granting of a conditional use permit pursuant to Section 17.100.100 and the conditional use permit procedure in Chapter 17.134

C.

In the RU-4, RU-5, CN, CC, CR, or CBD zones, the required number of parking spaces may be reduced by up to fifty percent (50%) upon the granting of a conditional use permit (see Chapter 17.134). The conditional use permit may be granted only upon determination that the proposal conforms to the general use permit criteria set forth in the conditional use permit procedure in Chapter 17.134 and the following criterion: The Planning Director has determined that there will not be a significant parking impact on the surrounding neighborhood through a combination of a parking demand management plan, transit availability, and other factors.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 11892 § 18, 1996: prior planning code § 7549)

17.116.300 - Parking accommodation requirements for one- and two-family residential facilities.

The provisions of this section apply to lots containing One-Family Dwelling Residential Facilities, One-Family Dwelling Residential Facilities with Secondary Unit Residential Facilities, and Two-Family Dwelling Residential Facilities. Exceptions to the provisions of this section may be approved pursuant to the regular design review procedure in Chapter 17.136.

A.

Required Garage, Carport or Uncovered Parking Location to the Side or Rear of a Residence in Certain Cases. Garages, carports or any uncovered required parking spaces shall be located to the rear or side of any primary Residential Facility and at a minimum of twenty-five (25) feet from the front lot line if:

1.

At least sixty percent (60%) of the buildings in the immediate context have garages, carports and uncovered required parking located at a depth of at least twenty-five (25) feet from the front lot line; and

2.

On the lot being developed, the difference in elevation of existing grade between the midpoint of the front lot line and the farthest opposite point of the lot depth does not exceed a gradient of twenty percent (20%).

The immediate context shall consist of the five closest lots on each side of the project site plus the ten (10) closest lots on the opposite side of the street; however, the Director of City Planning may make an alternative determination of immediate context based on specific site conditions. Such determination shall be in writing and included as part of any approval of any required garage, carport, or uncovered parking space. Lots with a front lot line width of less than thirty-five (35) feet are exempt from this subsection if the garage, carport or uncovered parking space dimensions facing the front lot line equal less than fifty (50) percent of the building elevation facing the front lot line.

B.

Garage or Carport Recessed from Front of Residence in Certain Cases. When an attached or detached garage or carport is not subject to subsection A of this section and is located on lots with a street-to-setback gradient of twenty percent (20%) or less and where the face of the primary Residential Facility, including projections at least eight (8) feet in height and five (5) feet in width, such as covered porches and bay windows, is within twenty-five (25) feet of the front lot line, at least one of the following requirements shall apply:

1.

The front of the garage or carport shall be set back a minimum of five (5) feet from such face; or

2.

If the garage or carport is located below living space, either:

a.

The front of the garage or carport shall be set back at least eighteen (18) inches from the upper level living space; or

b.

The garage door shall be recessed at least six inches from the surrounding exterior wall surfaces.

C.

Maximum Widths of Garages and Carports. Garages and carports shall have a maximum width of twenty-two (22) feet if the front of the garage or carport is located within thirty (30) feet of a street line and shall have a maximum width of thirty (30) feet if located elsewhere. In addition, all attached garages and carports shall have a maximum width not to exceed fifty percent (50%) of the total width of the primary Residential Facility if the front of the garage or carport is located within thirty (30) feet of a street line.

D.

Parking Restricted to Garages, Carports, Uncovered Required Parking Spaces or Driveways. Parking on a lot containing primary Residential Facilities may take place only in garages, carports, uncovered required parking spaces, or approved driveways.

(Ord. No. 13064, § 2(Exh. A), 3-15-2011; Ord. 12899 § 4, Exh. A (part), 2008; Ord. 12376 (part), 2001)